Sassafras (Sassafras albidum) is a small to medium-sized, aromatic deciduous tree valued for its striking fall color, unique foliage, and cultural history. It grows well in full sun to partial shade and prefers well-drained, slightly acidic soils of average to dry moisture.
Its mitten-shaped leaves—sometimes three different shapes on a single tree—are a distinctive feature. In spring, sassafras produces clusters of small yellow-green flowers. In late summer to fall, female trees bear dark blue fruits on bright red stalks, which are relished by birds and other wildlife.
Sassafras bark and roots were the original source of root beer flavoring; dried and powdered sassafras leaves known as filé is a key ingredient in traditional gumbo recipes. However, the plant’s flavorful compound safrole is also known to have toxic and carcinogenic properties.
These seedlings are the offspring of wild Sassafras albidum growing in central New Jersey. While this species reproduces clonally via root suckers in the wild, these have been grown from seed to encourage strong, individual taproots.
Sun: Full Sun, Partial Shade
Moisture: Average
Zones: 4–9
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